Cosumnes Virtual Herbarium

Stem: generally glabrous; Lf: sheath appendaged, ligule membranous; Infl: spike-like, 2-5.5cm, axis breaking in fruit; Spikelet: glumes of lowermost spikelet 2-3 awned, upper glumes 3-awned, florets generally 4, upper 2 sterile, lemma short awned or 0

Lf: ligule 3-5mm; Infl: 7-30cm; Spikelet: glumes 2.8-3.6mm, back puberulent below middle; lemma 2mm, tip 2-toothed, awned from middle; Floret: short hairy-tufted

Lvs: ligule 2.5-4mm; Infl: 5-30cm; Spikelet: glumes 1.5-3.5mm, acute to narrowly acuminate, callus hairs; lemma 1-2mm, sometimes awned above middle

Lvs: ligule 2-6mm; lower blades 4-10cm, 3-8mm wide, flat; Infl: 8-25cm, widely ovate in outline; primary branches mostly spreading; Spikelet: glumes 2-3mm; callus hairs 0 or minute; lemma 1.5-2mm, no awn; palea 0.7-1.4mm

Stems: 1-10, generally glabrous, sometimes puberulent below nodes; Lf: sheath slightly scabrous, ligule minutely scabrous; Infl: >2cm wide, open; Spiklet: 3-4mm; glumes 2-3mm, lemmas 1.5-2mm, awns 3mm

Lf: ligule 3-4.5mm; Infl: 1-7cm, 4-6mm wide; Spikelet: glumes 2-3mm, lemma awn bent

Lf: upper sheath inflated; ligule 1.5-5.5mm; Infl: 1.5-6.5cm; Spikelet: glumes 3-5mm, lemma awn bent, exceeding lemma body by 3-5mm

Stem: branched, 3-7dm; Lf:blade 3-22cm, gen. inrolled; Infl: 12-25 cm, open, raceme-like; Spikelets: ±sessile, spreading, glumes subequal, short-awned, lower 3-5 veined, lemma 13-20mm, central awn gen. 3.5-7cm, lateral awns slightly shorter

Lf: glabrous to minutely scabrous; Spikelet: glumes 18-30mm, 5-7 veined; lemmas 12-18mm, generally soft-hariy below awn, forks at tip 2-6mm, bristly, awn 20-40mm, bent, twisted below bend

Lf: blade minutely scabrous; Spikelet: glumes 18-25mm, 7-9 veined; lemmas 14-20mm, glabrous, soft hairy in lower third, forks at tip<1mm, awn 25-40mm, bent, twisted below bend

Lf: ligule 4-8mm; Infl: 9-28cm, narrow, dense; Spikelet: 1.5-3mm; glumes glabrous to finely scabrous, tip short-pointed; 1 floret; lemma 2-3mm, 2-toothed

Leaves: Ligule 1-4mm; Infl: 2-10cm, Spiklets 1-14 per infl, 10-19mm, glumes: 4-7mm, 5-9 veined, florets 12-19; lemmas 6-8mm

Stems: 1-8; Lf: ligule 3-6mm, blade 3-10mm wide; Infl 3-20cm; Spikelets: >15 per infl, subconic, truncate at base; glumes 1.5-4mm; florets 4-6; lemmas 1-2mm

Lf: soft hairy blade, ligule <5mm, membranous, entire to fringed; Infl: panicle-like, 4-10cm, erect; Spikelet: lower glume 8-10mm, 3-veined; upper glume 9.5-12mm, 3-5-veined; florets 7-13, awn 10-18mm

Lf: sheath glabrous to soft hairy, blade glabrous, scabrous or hairy; Infl: 5-20cm, lower branches spreading; Spikelet: glumes keel-like, glabrous to soft-hairy, lower 6.5-12mm, 3-veined, upper 9-15mm, 5-7(9)-veined, florets 7-11; lemma body 12-17mm

Lf: sheat gen. short-soft-hairy; Infl: 10-30 cm, ±open, gen. erect; Spikelet strongly compressed, glabrous to minutely scabrous; glumes keel-like, lower 7-12mm, 5-7(9) veined, upper 8-13mm, 7-9 veined; florets 5-13; lemma body 9-12mm; awn 0-2.5mm

Lf: soft-hairy; Infl: lower branches nodding; upper spreading to ascending; Spikelet: lower glume 1-veined; upper glume 3-veined; florets 5-8; lemma body 18-30mm, 5-7-veined, back rounded, awn 30-55mm

Lf: generally soft-hairy; Infl: 2.5-13cm; Spikelet: compressed, glabrous to short-soft-hairy; lower glume 5-8mm, 3-veined, upper glume 6-9mm, 5-7-veined; palea generally < lemma

Lf: sheath gen. densely soft-hairy; Infl: 6-22cm, open to ±dense; Spikelet: glumes glabrous to short-hairy, lower 5-8mm, 1-veined, upper 7-12mm, 3-veined; florets 3-7; lemma body 9-13mm, 5-7 veined, glabrous-short hairy, tip: 2 teeth 1-3mm, awn 8-18mm

Plant: pink to purple, mat-like; Lf: glabrous, ligule hairy; Infl: 3-75mm, 5-15mm wide, ovoid to cylindric, enclosed by subtending sheath; Spikelet: glume margin glabrous

Plant: generally green, mat-like; Stems: prostrate; Lf: sheath hairy, ligule hairy; Infl: 3-15mm, 3-6mm wide, ±ovoid, generally enclosed by subtending sheath; Spikelet: lower glume margin hairy

Lf: upper surface hairy; ligule white-hairy; Spikelet: glumes generally purplish; lemma boat-shaped, margins hairy

Infl: 1-4cm, head-like; Fertile Spikelet: 5-6mm, glumes keeled, short-awned; lemma back rounded; Sterile Spikelets: glumes keeled, short-awned

Stems: solitary to loosely clumped; Lvs: basal, glabrous; ligule 2-4mm; blades inrolled; Infl: narrow to open; Spikelet: glume and lemma tips sometime purplish; glumes 3-veined; florets 2; lemmas 2-3mm, 2-3-toothed at tip, awned below middle, awn 4-9mm

Infl: five "fingered", spikelets many, generally 2 per node; thick low growing vegetation

Lvs: taste salty, 2-ranked, stiff; Plant: rarely in flower

Lf: margins rippled; Stem: red bottom; Infl: spikelet 1 per node; Fr: red or greenish

Lf: sheath glabrous or hairy; Infl: spikelets 2 per node; Spikelet: glumes 6.5-19mm, short-awned; lower florets concealed; lemma 8.5-14mm, awn <30mm, generally straight

Stem: 1.5-6(7.5)dm; Lf: sheaths gen. < internodes, glabrous, except white- hairy-tufted at collar margins; Infl: (5)10-25cm, 3-12(15) cm wide, open; Spikelet: 5-8mm, glumes thin, grey-green or red tip,stalks appressed to branches, diverging < 20 degrees

Lf: ligule 2-4mm; Infl: 4-10mm wide; Spikelet: glumes translucent between veins, keel minutely scabrous; lemma awned below truncate, toothed tip, awn 3-5mm, straight to curved

Lf: ligule 4-12mm; Infl: 18-50cm, narrow; spikelets appressed; Spikelet: cylindric; lower glume 1-2mm, upper 2-3.5mm; florets 6-11; lemma widest below middle

Lf: sheaths tubular; ligule eciliate membrane 4-9mm long; blade smooth, margins scabrous; Infl: panicle open 4-30cm long; spikelets ascending, solitary

Stem: loosely to densely tufted; nodes glabrous; Lf: sheath glabrous to sparsely hairy; Infl: 8-10cm, green to purplish; Central Spklt: glumes 7-19mm; lemma awn 3.5-22mm; Lateral Spklt: glumes 6.5-19mm, lemma awn <7.5mm

Stem: erect, loosely tufted; nodes glabrous; Lf: basal sheaths and blades hairy; Infl: pale green or reddish; Central Spklt: glumes 5.5-20mm; lemma awn 3-12mm; Lateral Spklt: staminate or sterile, sometimes bisexual; lemma awn <1mm

Stem: bent at base or erect; nodes glabrous; Lf: basal sheaths hairy; Infl: green to purple, breaking apart at nodes in fruit; Central Spikelet: glumes not flat at base; lemma awn 6-18mm

Stem: erect, nodes glabrous; Lf: basal sheaths glabrous to hairy; Infl: green to glaucous, sometimes reddish or brown in fruit; Central Spikelet: glumes flattened at base; lemma awn 20-40mm

Stems: nodes short, soft-hairy; Lf: sheath glabrous; ligule truncate; blade margin strongly scabrous with downward-pointing teeth; Spikelet: lemma 4-5mm, strigose on back

Lf: sheath glabrous; ligule 2-5mm, membranous, jagged; Spikelet: 6-12mm; glumes 2-4mm; florets 6-12; lemma 3.5-5mm, back rounded, densely hairy below middle, awn at tip 1-3mm

Plant: from rhizome; St: 4.5-13dm, glabrous to hairy; Lf: ligule 0.2-1.3mm, blade 2.5-4mm wide, upper surface scabrous; Infl: 5-20cm, narrow, spikelets 1-3 per node; Spikelet: glumes 5-16mm, awl-like; lemmas 5-12mm, glabrous to puberulent, awn±3mm

Lf: ligule 1-3mm; Infl: spike-like; Spikelet: 10-15mm; glume < rest of spikelet, linear-lanceolate; lemmas 5-7mm, awn 1-8mm

Lf: ligule 1-3mm; Infl: spike-like, sometimes pnacle-like; Spikelet: 10-15mm; glume < rest of spikelet, linear-lanceolate; lemmas 5-7mm, awnless

Stem: 3-10dm; Infl: 18-60cm; Spikelet: glumes subequal; lemma evenly hairy, glabrous on veins, awn 38-100mm, strongly bent twice, distal segment straight

Lf: sheath 2-7cm, generally short-hairy; ligule 2-5mm, hairy; blade 3-15cm long, 2-13mm wide, upper surface glabrous or short-soft-hairy; Infl: 4-9cm; primary branches 2-4cm; spikelet 1 per node; Spikelet: lemma 7-veined, tip rounded, palea vestigial

Stem: decumbent to erect; Lf: sheath 4-9cm, glabrous; ligule 1-2mm, membranous; Infl: 7-20cm; primary branches 4-16cm; spikelets 1-2 per node; Spikelet: lower glume 1-3-veined; lemma 7-veined, acute

Stem: decumbent to erect; Lf: sheath 6-30cm, glabrous to hairy; ligule 2-8mm; blade 9-35cm, 4-10mm wide, upper surface glabrous; Infl: primary branches 3-6; spikelets many, 2 per node; Spikelet: elliptic, green to purple; lower glume 0

Stem: decumbent to erect; Lf: sheath 3-20cm, glabrous; ligule <1.5mm; blade 2-22cm, 2-7mm wide, upper surface glabrous; Infl: primary branches 2-3; spikelets many, 1-2 per node; Spikelet: lower glume <2.5mm, 1-veined; lower floret lemma 3-5-veined

Spikelet: glumes 4.5-7.5mm, glabrous, minutely toothed, keel wing-like; upper lemma densly hairy

Infl: 4-12cm, interrupted at base; Spikelet: glumes 5-7mm, wing 0, veins scabrous; lower florets 2; upper lemma 4-5mm, lanceolate-ovoid, swollen, hairs spreading except tip glabrous

Infl: 1-6cm, 1-2cm wide; Spikelet: glumes 4-6.5mm, glabrous, wing entire or toothed; lower floret 1; upper lemma 3-4mm, widely ovate, hairy

Infl: 3-9cm, 1-2cm wide; Fertile Spikelet: surrounded by 5-6 sterile, short-stalked spikelets; glumes 5.5-8mm, glabrous, wing lobed to toothed; lower florets vestigial; upper lemma 2.5-3.5mm, glabrous or sparsely hairy near tip

Stem: solitary to loosely clumped; base generally swollen; Lf: basal few, generally spreading; Infl: 4-18cm, 5-8mm wide, cylindric; Spikelet: glumes 2-3mm; lemma 1-2.5mm, veins puberulent

Stem: decumbent to erect, clumped, 1.5-9.5dm, often rooting at lower nodes; Lf: ligule 2-6mm; blade 3-6mm wide; Infl: 8-30cm; Spikelet: 15-50mm, spreading to erect; lower glume 1-4.5mm, upper 2-6.5mm; lemma 4.5-7.5mm, awn <11mm

Lf: sheath open 2/3 length; ligule 1-5mm, rounded to obtuse; blade generally 1-3mm wide, soft, generally flat, bright or yellowish green; Infl: 1-10cm; branches spreading, smooth, with spikelets only in top 1/2; Spikelet: lemma 2.5-4mm, smooth

Lf: sheath open 1/2-3/4 length; ligule 1-4mm, truncated to rounded, smooth to minutely scabrous at margin; blade generally 2-4mm wide; Infl: generally 6-15cm; Spikelet: callus densely long-cobwebby; lemma 3-4mm, keel and marginal veins hairy

Stem: 5-9dm, clumped; Lf: ligule 2-8mm, obtuse to truncate, minutely hairy; blade 0.5-19.5cm, 3-6mm wide; Infl: 1.5-18cm; Spikelet: glumes 1.5-3mm, scabrous; awns 1.5-4.5mm, purplish; lemma 1-2mm, awn 0.5-3mm

Stem: 0.5-5dm; Lf: ligule <6mm, irregularly toothed, minutely hairy; blade 1-14cm, 2-4mm wide; Infl: 1-8.5cm, plume-like, densely flowered; Spikelet: glumes 1-2mm, minutely bristly below middle, awn 4.5-11.5mm; lemma 0.5-1.5mm, awn 0

Stem: 2-10dm; Lf: ligule 5-6mm, irregularly toothed, minutely hairy; blade 1-20.5cm, 4-6mm wide; Infl: 1-17cm, plume-like, densely flowered; Spikelet: glumes 1-2.5mm, minutely bristly, awn 2-10mm; lemma 0.5-1.5mm, awn 0.5-4.5mm

Stem: nodes purple; Lf: sheath 1-5cm; ligule 2-4mm, translucent; blade midrib, margins scabrous; Infl: straight, purplish; spikelets 1-2 per node; Spikelet: glumes 2, 5-7mm, edge-to-edge or overlapping, upper 4-veined; lemma 4-6mm, tip notched, 5-veined

Stem: decumbent to erect, 2-10dm; Lf: sheath 5-15cm, scabrous; ligule 1-2mm; blade 8-20cm, upper surface glabrous; Infl: 2-15cm; Spikelet: lower glume approx 1mm, 3-veined, upper glume = spikelet length; lemma 5-veined, tip acute

Stem: erect, 0.5-2m; Lf: blade 0.5-2cm wide; Infl: 1-5dm, 5-25cm wide, generally open; lower branches spreading to ascending; Sessile spikelet: 4-6.5mm; lemma 4-5mm, awn 9-10mm or 0

Stem: 2-6dm, decumbent to ascending; Lf: sheath glabrous; ligule <0.5mm; blade 1-3mm wide, glabrous to puberulent, long-ciliate near collar; Spikelet: glumes 1.5-4cm, fused at base, awn-like, stiff; lemma body 5-8mm, awn 3-7cm, flat, straight to curving

Bunch grass up to 1.5m

Stem: <5dm, glabrous or hairy; Infl: 1.5-15cm, dense, clearly greater than uppermost leaf; branches 1-3 per node; spikelet stalk flat or winged; Spikelet: 5-10mm, florets 4-7; lemma 5.5-8mm, awn 2.5-12mm, scabrous

Stem: 1.5-7.5 dm, glabrous; Infl: 2-24cm, more or less open, at least lower branches spreading or reflexed; branches 1 per node; Spikelet: florets 2-4; lemma 4-9.5mm, awn 3.5-12mm; Fr: more or less 4-6mm

Stem: <7.5dm, glabrous or scabrous only near inflorescence; Infl: 4-25cm, <2cm wide, branches 1-3 per node; Spikelet: 5-11.5 mm; florets 3-6; lemma 4.5-6.5mm, awn 5-15mm